Selective Spectrophotometric Determination of Metformin Hydrochloride in Pharmaceuticals and Urine Using Two Nitrophenols as Chromogenic Agents

Basavaiah, Kanakapura; Rajendraprasad, N

doi:10.22036/abcr.2017.40968

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	Selective Spectrophotometric Determination of Metformin Hydrochloride in Pharmaceuticals and Urine Using Two Nitrophenols as Chromogenic Agents
Article 5, Volume 4, Issue 1, Winter and Spring 2017, Page 41-51 PDF (542 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.22036/abcr.2017.40968
Authors
Kanakapura Basavaiah ¹; N Rajendraprasad²
¹Department of Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru-570 006, Karnataka, India
²PG Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce & Science, B N Road, Mysuru-570 025, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Metformin hydrochloride (MFH) is an oral anti-diabetic drug of biguanide class. Two selective spectrophotometric methods were presented for the determination of MFH in pharmaceuticals. The methods were based on the measurement of yellow-coloured charge-transfer complexes formed between MFH and two poly-nitrophenols, namely, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP method, at 405 nm) and picric acid (PA method; at 410 nm) in dichloromethane medium. The variables which affect the complex formation were studied and optimized. Beer’s law was obeyed over the concentration ranges: 2.4-48.0 and 3.2-64.0 µg ml^-1 with molar absorptivity values of 3.24 × 10³and 2.30 × 10³l mol^-1 cm^-1, with DNP method and PA method, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were calculated to be 0.13 and 0.40 µg ml^-1 for DNP method and 0.19 and 0.59 µg ml^-1 for PA method. Methods were validated for accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness and selectivity. The proposed methods were applied to the determination of MFH in tablets. The accuracy and precision of the methods were found excellent. Accuracy of the methods was ascertained by recovery test via standard-addition procedure. The methods were applied to spiked human urine sample without detectable interference from endogenous substances.
Keywords
Metformin hydrochloride; Nitrophenols; Spectrophotometry; Charge-transfer complex; Pharmaceuticals; Spiked human urine


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